Incandescent vapor-burner.



No. 727,535. PATENTED MAY 5, 1903. L. DENAYRUZE. INGANDESGENT VAPORBURNER.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 1900.

`No MODEL.

jug onlus PETERS co, Fumo-umn wAsHnwren, n. c.

UNTTnn STATES Patented May 5, 1903.

LOUIS DENAYROUZE, OF NEUILLY, FRANCE.

INCANDESCENT VAPOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,535, dated May 5,1903. Application led August 8,1900. Serial No. 26,252. (No model.)

To lf/ZZ whom it nea/y concern,.-

Beit known that I, Lous DENAYRoUzE, engineer, a citizen of the Republicof France, residing at Neuilly, France, have inventedImprovementsinIncandescentVapor-Lamps, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to lamps and aims to provide certain improvementstherein especially applicable to lamps burning vapors of combustibleliquid for incandescence.

It is common to employ lamps in which the liquid is supplied underpressure, and such llamps have the advantage that they give a stronglight and are economical; but they require to be of kVery solid heavyconstruction and are somewhat complex'in construction even when thepressure is obtained by utilizing the heat of the lamp.

The improvement hereinafter described which preserves the fundamentalprinciple of the chamber of concentration of heat allows verysatisfactory results to be attained with parts simple, light, and havingthe practical advantage that they allow the use of a burner suited forall the reservoirs of ordinary petroleum-lamps.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical axial section of asingleburner lamp provided with my improvements, and Fig. 2 is a similarview of a multiple-burner lamp provided with one form of myimprovements.

In the new arrangement shown in Fig. 1 the burner B has passing throughit a central rod T, which instead of descending into the reservoir ofliquid passes only through the top C of the chamber of concentrated heatfor vaporizing. The lower end of this rod stops at the bottom of thechamber, entering only slightly into the bundle F of cotton wickstightly squeezed in two covers E Evof insulating material or material oflow conductivity, such as German silver. The first cover, E, is part ofthe lamp-body. The second, E', is simply a sheath of the wick. Thevapors are injected through very small holes I, formed around the baseof the central column. A small hole O forms a communication between theouter air and the reservoir of liquid.

The action is as follows: The liquid which strongly impregnates thetight wick F ascends by capillary attraction to the lower level of thechamber C without even accumulating as a layer on account of theresistance of the greatly-squeezed fibers to the ascent of the smallestdrop of liquid. When the liquid reaches the chamber and it is heated byany known means of starting, abundant vapor is produced; but the moistwick on account of the adhesion of the stronglysqueezed filamentsconstitutes a sort of checkvalve which can be penetrated from belowupward by the liquid, but is impenetrable to the vapor,which cannot iiowbackin a direction opposite to the ow. Also the column, half solid, halfliquid, and a very had conductor, does not allow the heat to descend t0-ward the reservoir and lose itself then, so that there is strongconcentration of heat on the chamber perfectly maintained at this point.The consequence of this is that the vapor in the chamber has an elasticforce suficient to cause the jet which supplies the Bunsen burner I toacquire such Velocity as to produce very fine incandescence, evenl whilethe liquid in the reservoir is subject only to atmospheric pressure.From this it results that the whole of this burner-that is to say, theburner proper and the wick with its double sheath-can be screwed on thereservoir of a petroleum-lamp of ordinary form. For extinguishing thelamp the pointed screw V is turned so as to put the vaporizing-cham berin communication with the top of the reservoir by a pipe S. The hotvapors expand from the chamber into the free space in the reservoir andthen cool. Thus the extinction is simple and rapid.

Fig. 2 shows the same arrangement applied to a multiple burner,with acentral conducting-rod in the center of the wicks.

Having thus described the nature of this invention and the best means Iknow for carrying the same into practical effect, I claiml. In anincandescence gas-burning lamp, the combination of a lamp-body, aVaporizing-chamber, a connection of German silver between said body andchamber retarding by reason of its low conductivity the transmis sion ofheat to said body so as to localize and concentrate the heat at thevaporizing-chamber and thus increase the vaporizing efficiency of thelamp,and a wickleading from said body to said chamber and compressed toprevent backward passage of gas while drawing up liquid by capillarityfrom said body to said chamber, whereby vapor in the body of the lampand pressure on the liquid are avoided.

2. In an incande'scence gas-burning lamp, the combination of alamp-body, a Vaporizing-chamber C, a tube made of materialof lowconductivity forming a connection between said body and chamberretarding the transmission of heat to said body so as to localize andconcentrate the heat at the vaporizingchamber and thus increase thevaporizing eficiency ofthe lamp,and a wick F leading from said body tosaid chamber and compressed in said tube to prevent backward passage ofgas while drawing up liquid by capillarty from said body to saidchamber,whereby vapor and heat in the body of the lamp and pressure onthe liquid are avoided, a Bunsen burner through which gas passes fromsaid chamber, an incandescing mantle above said burner, and a rod T ofconducting material adjacent at its upper portion to said mantle andpassing at its lower end to the top of the Wick in said chamber so as totransmit the heat from.

said mantle to the point of vaporization.

3. In an incandescence gas-burning lamp, the combination of a lamp-body,a Vaporizing-chamber, a connecting-tube E composed of material4 of lowconductivity between said body and chamber retarding the transmission ofheat to said body so as to localize and concentrate the heat at thevaporizing-chamber and thus increase the vaporizingeiciency of the lamp,a Wick comprising a bundle of ibro'us material tightly squeezed into asheath E' of the same material of low conductivity, said wick leadingfrom said body to said chamber and the compression thereof acting toprevent backward passage of gas While drawing up liquid by capillarityfrom said body to said chamber, whereby vapor and heat in the body ofthe lamp and pressure on the liquid are avoided, a Bumsen burnerreceiving the gas from said chamber, an incandescing mantle above saidBunsen burner, a heat-conductor adjacent at its upper end to said mantleand at its lower end to the top of the wick so as to transmit the heatof said mantle to. the Vaporizing-point, and means for putting thevaporizing-chamber in communication with the reservoir to extinguish thelamp.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in lthe presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS DENAYROUZE.

Witnesses:

J. ALLIsoN BOWEN, ALEXANDER MATHIEU.

